Criticism of the Effect of Green Cover Change on Air Quality with i-Tree Canopy (Bursa-Osmangazi Region Sample)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61326/silvaworld.v3i1.115Keywords:
Air pollution, Bursa, i-Tree Canopy, Land use cover, UNESCOAbstract
Anything that reflects the ethnicity of a society that has aesthetic and visual textures transferred from past generations to the present day, that is universally accepted, that contains abstract and concrete concepts, and that is intended to be preserved and transferred to future generations is called "cultural heritage". Today's urbanism continues to develop around the settlements of ancient civilisations, which are accepted as cultural heritage. Today, migration from villages to cities has increased and population density in cities has shown a rapid upward trend. The destruction of green areas due to rapid urbanisation has increased visibly and has made smart cities with green areas obligatory. In smart urbanisation, practical methods are sought to quickly identify green areas and determine the benefits provided by these areas. The most widely used software for measuring tree canopy cover is i-Tree Canopy, which allows urban planners to quantify the ecosystem services and benefits of tree communities and forests at multiple scales, including pollution reduction, carbon sequestration and storage, and runoff reduction. Within the scope of the study, the changes on green areas such as urbanisation, industrialisation, increase in transportation networks brought about by population growth in the historical city centre of Bursa and the negative and positive effects of these changes were examined. In the study, the time-dependent changes of green areas in urban heritage and urban planning were determined with GIS (Geographical Information Systems) techniques, and suggestions were developed for existing and new green areas to be planned in the city.
References
Batty, M. (2014). Can it happen again? Planning support, Lee's Requiem and the rise of the smart cities movement. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 41(3), 388-391. https://doi.org/10.1068/b4103c2
Bilgem, T. (2021). 2020-2023 Ulusal akıllı şehirler stratejisi ve eylem planı. T. C. Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı. https://www.akillisehirler.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/EylemPlani.pdf (In Turkish)
Bradford, J. B., & D'Amato, A. W. (2012). Recognizing trade-offs in multi-objective land management. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 10(4), 210-216. https://doi.org/10.1890/110031
Campagnaro, T., Vecchiato, D., Arnberger, A., Celegato, R., Da Re, R., Rizzetto, R., & Da Re Cattaneo, D. (2020). General, stress relief and perceived safety preferences for green spaces in the historic city of Padua (Italy). Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 52, 126695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126695
Erdem, A. D., Yavaş, İ., & Bilgili, A. (2023). Sanayileşme perspektifinden şehirlerin dönüşümü: Bursa örneği. TroyAcademy, 8(2), 210-234. https://doi.org/10.31454/troyacademy.1302761 (In Turkish)
Ersoy Tonyaloğlu, E. (2019). Kentleşmenin kentsel termal çevre üzerindeki etkisinin değerlendirilmesi: Efeler ve İncirliova (Aydın) Örneği. Türkiye Peyzaj Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(1), 1-13. (In Turkish)
Ersoy Tonyaloğlu, E., Kesgin Atak, B., & Yiğit, M. (2021). Düzenleyici ekosistem hizmetlerinden hava kalitesinin Efeler-Aydın örneğinde incelenmesi. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(1), 119-125. https://doi.org/10.25308/aduziraat.867541 (In Turkish)
Goodale, C. L., Apps, M. J., Birdsey, R. A., Field, C. B., Heath, L. S., Houghton, R. A., Jenkins, J. C., Kohlmaier, G. H., Kurz, W., Liu, S., & Nabuurs, G. J. (2002). Forest carbon sinks in the northern hemisphere. Ecological Applications, 12(3), 891-899. https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2002)012[0891:FCSITN]2.0.CO;2
Gül, A., Di̇nç, G., Akın, T., & Koçak, A. İ. (2020). Kentsel açık ve yeşil alanların mevcut yasal durumu ve uygulamadaki sorunlar. İDEALKENT Kentleşme ve Ekonomi Özel Sayısı, 11, 1281-1312. https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.650461 (In Turkish)
Henderson, C. (2013). Subsistence strategy changes: The evidence of entheseal changes. Homo, 64(6), 491-508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchb.2013.08.002
Hirabayashi, S., Kroll, C. N., & Nowak, D. J. (2011). Component-based development and sensitivity analyses of an air pollutant dry deposition model. Environmental Modeling and Software, 26(6), 804-816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2010.11.007
Kaplan, G., Avdan, U., & Avdan, Z. Y. (2018). Urban heat island analysis using the Landsat 8 satellite data: A case study in Skopje, Macedonia. Proceedings, 2(7), 358. https://doi.org/10.3390/ecrs-2-05171
Kim, D., & Lim, U. (2016). Urban resilience in climate change adaptation: A conceptual framework. Sustainability, 8(4), 405. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8040405
Konôpka, B., Murgaš, V., & Pajtík, J. (2023). Tree biomass and leaf area allometric relations for betula pendula roth based on samplings in the western Carpathians. Plants, 12(8), 1607. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12081607
Küçükdağ, R. (2023). Kent ve çevre görünümlerine geçmişten günümüze göç olgusunun etkisi. Uluslararası Anadolu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(2), 522-531. https://doi.org/10.47525/ulasbid.1287468 (In Turkish)
Lombardi, P., Giordano, S., Farouh, H., & Yousef, W. (2012). Modelling the smart city performance. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, 25(2), 137-149. https://doi.org/10.1080/13511610.2012.660325
Li, L., Jiang, C., Murtugudde, R., Liang, X. Z., & Sapkota, A. (2021). Global population exposed to extreme events in the 150 most populated cities of the world: Implications for public health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 1293. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031293
Nagode, K., Tomat, L., & Manfreda, A. (2023). The smart society concepts and elements for assuring a green future. In Z. Yılmaz, S. Golem & D. Costescu (Eds.), Handbook of research on promoting sustainable public transportation strategies in urban environments (pp. 1-24). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5996-6.ch001
Öksüz Kuşçuoğlu, G., & Taş, M. (2017). Sürdürülebilir kültürel miras yönetimi. Yalvaç Akademi Dergisi, 2(1), 58-67. (In Turkish)
Öztekin Kara, C. (2022). Bazı kent ağaçlarının biyokütle ve karbon depolama kapasitesinin belirlenmesi: Rize kent örneği (Master’s thesis, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University). (In Turkish)
Öztürk, B. (2023). Dış ortam hava kirliliği. In N. Aykaç, O. Elbek & H. C. Çalışır (Eds.), Hava kirliliği, iklim krizi ve sağlık etkileri (pp. 90-98). Türk Toraks Derneği Yayınları. (In Turkish)
Partigöç, N. S. (2023). Sürdürülebilir kentsel planlama süreçlerinde kıllı şehir yaklaşımının rolü. Çevre Şehir ve İklim Dergisi, 3, 174-189. (In Turkish)
Speak, A. F., & Salbitano, F. (2023). The impact of pruning and mortality on urban tree canopy volume. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 79, 127810. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127810
Tor, M. (2023). Sağlık etkileri. In N. Aykaç, O. Elbek & H. C. Çalışır (Eds.). Hava kirliliği, iklim krizi ve sağlık etkileri (pp. 359-378). Türk Toraks Derneği Yayınları. (In Turkish)
Uçar, Z., Akay, A. E., & Bilici, E. (2020). Towards green smart cities: Importance of urban forestry and urban vegetation. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLIV-4/W3-2020, 399-403. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLIV-4-W3-2020-399-2020
URL-1. What is i-Tree? i-Tree. https://www.itreetools.org/about
Yaşlı, R., Yücedağ, C., Ayan, S., & Simovski, B. (2023). The role of urban trees in reducing land surface temperature. SilvaWorld, 2(1), 36-49. https://doi.org/10.29329/silva.2023.518.05
Yiğitcanlar, T. (2015). Smart cities: An effective urban development and management model? Australian Planner, 52(1), 27-34. https://doi.org/10.1080/07293682.2015.1019752
Zhao, H., Zhao, D., Jiang, X., Zhang, S., & Lin, Z. (2023). Assessment of urban forest ecological benefit based on the i-Tree eco model-A case study of Changchun central city. Forests, 14(7), 1304. https://doi.org/10.3390/f14071304
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Sümeyye Bingöl, Burak Arıcak
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.