Seasonal Variation in Milk Yield and Milk Fat Content in Simmental Dairy Cattle: A Case Study of Member Farms of the Kastamonu Village Cooperatives Union
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61326/actanatsci.v6i1.360Keywords:
Kastamonu, Milk collection center, Simmental, Fat ratio in milkAbstract
This study was conducted to investigate the monthly, seasonal, and annual variations in milk yield and milk fat content of Simmental dairy cattle raised on member farms of the Kastamonu Union of Village Development and Other Agricultural Cooperatives between 2019 and 2024, specifically in the three districts of Daday, Taşköprü, and the Central district, which are prominent in dairy farming within the province of Kastamonu. The data used in the study were collected for the years 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024. The effects of monthly and seasonal variations on milk yield and milk fat content were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s multiple range tests. According to the findings, statistically significant differences (P<0.01) were observed in milk yield over the years in the Central and Taşköprü districts, whereas no significant variation was found in Daday district. Milk fat content showed statistically significant differences by year (P<0.01) across all three districts. Regarding the effects of season and month, milk yield exhibited statistically significant differences (P<0.01) in all three districts, with the highest yields recorded during the summer season in the Central, Daday, and Taşköprü districts. While seasonal variations in milk fat content were not statistically significant in the Daday district, significant differences (P<0.01) were observed in the Central and Taşköprü districts. The highest milk fat content was recorded during the autumn season in both the Central (3.83%) and Taşköprü (3.99%) districts. Based on the six-year average milk yields, the peak months for milk production were June and July in the Central district, May through August in the Daday district, and June in the Taşköprü district. The effect of the month on milk fat content was statistically significant in the Central and Taşköprü districts, but not in Daday. In the Central district, the highest milk fat content was observed during October, November, December, and January, while in Taşköprü, it peaked in October, November, and December.
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