Preliminary Ecological Risk Assessment of Toxic Elements in Fish Cage Culture Sites within the Interconnected Epe and Badagry Lagoons, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61326/actanatsci.v6i1.322Anahtar Kelimeler:
Aquatic ecosystems- Bioaccumulation- Cage culture- Contamination- FishÖzet
The interconnected Epe and Badagry Lagoons in Nigeria are vital ecosystems supporting fish cage culture, but they may be at risk of toxic element contamination, posing threats to aquatic life and human health. This study conducted a preliminary ecological risk evaluation, focusing on arsenic, boron, selenium, silicon, and sulfur concentrations in water, sediment, and Heteroclarias tissues using standard analytical methods. Contamination levels and ecological risks were assessed using contamination factor (CF), enrichment factor (EF), bioaccumulation factor (BAF), and the index of geo-accumulation (Igeo). Sediment consistently showed the highest concentrations of all analyzed elements, with arsenic levels in Badagry Lagoon (0.4426 ± 0.0731 mg kg⁻¹) exceeding those in water and fish tissues, and a sediment-dominant pattern was observed for boron, selenium, silicon, and sulfur. Arsenic bioaccumulation factors in Heteroclarias from Epe Lagoon were significantly high (62.29 ± 0.36 for water and 1.26 ± 0.73 for sediment), while EF values for arsenic were highest in Badagry Lagoon (29.80), and selenium showed the highest EF in Epe Lagoon (224.64). Despite negative Igeo values indicating no significant sediment contamination, elevated arsenic concentrations and bioaccumulation in fish tissues raise potential health concerns for aquatic life and human consumers, emphasizing the need for regular monitoring and management strategies to mitigate toxic element contamination in the Lagos Lagoon system.
Referanslar
Ahamad, M. I., Song, J., Sun, H., Wang, X., Mehmood, M. S., Sajid, M., & Khan, A. J. (2020). Contamination level, ecological risk, and source identification of heavy metals in the hyporheic zone of the Weihe River, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(3), 1070-1078. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17031070
Ajiboye, O. R., Lawal-Are, A. O., & Obiakara-Amaechi, A. O. (2024). Trace metal contaminant in two fish species from Epe Lagoon (Southwest Nigeria): Health risk assessment. Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research, 26(3), 71-80. https://doi.org/10.2478/trser-2024-0018
Audu, Y., Aliyu, A. D., & Dadi-Mamud, N. J. (2022). Evaluation of heavy metals contamination in the sediments of some selected water of south senatorial district of Niger State, Nigeria. Science World Journal, 17(4), 487-494.
Dussubieux I., & Van Zelst I. (2004) LA-ICP-MS analysis of platinum group elements and other elements of interest in ancient gold. Applied Physics A, 79, 353–356. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-004-2532-2
Gilli R., Karlen C., Weber M., Rüegg J., Barmettler K., Biester H., Boivin P., & Kretzschmar R. (2018). Speciation and mobility of mercury in soils contaminated by legacy emissions from a chemical factory in the Rhône valley in Canton of Valais. Switzerland. Soil System, 2(3), 44-53. https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems2030044
Hakanson, L. (1980). An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control: A sedimentological approach. Water Research, 14(8), 975-1001. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(80)90143-8
Hauser-Davis, R. A., & Wosnick, N. (2022). Climate change implications for metal and metalloid dynamics in aquatic ecosystems and its context within the decade of ocean sciences. Water, 14(15), 2415. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14152415
Hussain, M. M., Bibi, I., Shahid, M., Shaheen, S. M., Shakoor, M. B., Bashir, S., Younas, F., Rinklebe, J., & Niazi, N. K. (2019). Biogeochemical cycling, speciation and transformation pathways of arsenic in aquatic environments with the emphasis on algae. In A. C. Duarte & V. Reis (Eds.), Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry Handbook, Volume 85: Arsenic Speciation in Algae (pp. 15-51). Elsevier. https://doi.org/:10.1016/bs.coac.2019.03.007
Kaleem, O., & Sabi, A. (2021). Overview of aquaculture systems in Egypt and Nigeria, prospects, potentials, and constraints. Aquaculture and Fisheries, 6(6), 535–547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaf.2020.07.017
Lawal-Are, A. O., Moruf, R. O., Sobara, U. J., & Salami, K. B. (2021). Relationship between mercury concentration in water, bottom sediment and two mollusc species (Crassostrea gasar and Tympanotonus fuscatus) from a Lagos creek in Nigeria. Journal of Bio-Science, 29(1), 143-151. https://doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v29i0.54830
Moruf, R. O. (2019). Bio-ecology, immuno-histochemistry, and genetic heterogeneity of portunid species from coastal waters of Lagos State, Nigeria. [Ph.D. Thesis. University of Lagos].
Moruf, R. O. (2021). Metallic bioaccumulation in Sesarma huzardii (Decapoda: Sesarmidae) from two estuarine creeks under different anthropogenic influences. Polish Journal of Natural Science, 36(3), 271-282.
Moruf, R. O. (2022). Seasonal heterogeneity and health risk assessment of metal contaminant in Callinectes amnicola from Epe Lagoon, Southwest, Nigeria. Journal Material and Environmental Science, 13(1), 29-41.
Moruf, R. O., Abubakar, M. I., Obiakara-Amaechi, A. I., Sani, I. M., & Akpan, I. I. (2022). Metal content and oxidative stress enzymes in aquatic crab, Goniopsis cruentata (Latreille, 1802) from tropical creeks adjacent western axis of the Lagos Lagoon. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, 6(1), 161-166. https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i1.26
Muller, G. (1969). Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine River. Geojournal, 2, 108-118.
Mustapha, A. M., Ugya, A. Y., & Mustapha, Z. (2021). Assessment of heavy metal levels in fish tissues, water and sediment from Epe lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria. Science World Journal, 16(4), 464-469.
Naylor, R. L., Hardy, R. W., Buschmann, A. H., Bush, S. R., Cao, L., Klinger, D. H., & Troell, M. (2021). A 20-year retrospective review of global aquaculture. Nature, 591(7851), 551-563. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03308-6
Ndimele, P. E., & Kumolu-Johnson, C. A. (2012). Some aspect of the physico-chemistry and heavy metal contents of water, sediment and Cynothrissa mento (Regan, 1917) from Badagry Creek, Lagos, Nigeria. Trend in Applied Science Research, 7 (9), 724-736.
Olopade O. A., Taiwo I. O., & Ogunbanwo A. E. (2015). Length-weight relationship and condition factor of Leuciscus niloticus (De Joahhis, 1853) from Epe Lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 32(3), 165-168. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2015.32.3.07
Orinda, M., Okuto, E., & Abwao, M. (2021). Cage fish culture in the Lake Victoria region: Adoption determinants, challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture, 13(2), 45-55. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJFA2020.0798
Pueyo M., Rauret G., Luck D., Yli-Halla M., Muntau H., Quevauviller P., & López-Sánchez F. J. (2001). Certification of the extractable contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb e Zn in a freshwater sediment following a colaborativelly tested and optmised three-steps sequencial extraction procedure. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 3, 243–250. https://doi.org/10.1039/b010235k
Rahim, H. U., Qaswar, M., Wang, M., Jing, X., & Cai, X. (2021). Environmental applications of reduced sulfur species and composites in transformation and detoxification of contaminants. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 9(6), 106696. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122670
Raj, D., & Maiti, S. K. (2020). Sources, bioaccumulation, health risks and remediation of potentially toxic metal (loid) s (As, Cd, Cr, Pb and Hg): An epitomised review. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 192(2), 108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-019-8060-5
Sarker, A., Kim, J. E., Islam, A. R. M. T., Bilal, M., Rakib, M. R. J., Nandi, R., Rahman, M. M., & Islam, T. (2022). Heavy metals contamination and associated health risks in food webs—a review focuses on food safety and environmental sustainability in Bangladesh. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(3), 3230-3245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17153-7
Sinex, S., & Helz, G. (1981). Regional geochemistry of trace elements in Chesapeake Bay sediments. Environmental Geology, (6), 315–323. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02473521
Sonone, S. S., Jadhav, S., Sankhla, M. S., & Kumar, R. (2020). Water contamination by heavy metals and their toxic effect on aquaculture and human health through food Chain. Letters in Applied NanoBioScience, 10(2), 2148-2166. https://doi.org/10.33263/LIANBS102.21482166
Taiwo, I. O., Olopade, O. A., & Bamidele, N. A. (2019). Heavy metal concentration in eight fish species from Epe Lagoon (Nigeria). Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research, 21(1), 69-82.
Usese, A. I., Chukwu, L. O., Naidu, R., Islam, S., & Rahman, M. M. (2020). Arsenic fractionation in sediments and speciation in muscles of fish, Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus from a contaminated tropical Lagoon, Nigeria. Chemosphere, 256, 127134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127134
Usese, A. I., Elike, M. I., Moruf, R. O., & Chukwu, L. O. (2019). Levels of oxidative stress markers in the mangrove oyster, Crassostrea gasar from a coastal ecosystem in Southwest Nigeria. Journal of Research in Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, 11(1), 32-38.
Usese, A. I., Lawal-Are, A. O., Moruf, R. O., & Chukwu, L. O. (2018). Biomarker responses to environmental stressors in the hairy mangrove crab, Sesarma huzardii (Graspidae) from a Tropical Lagoon Mudflat in Nigeria. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 57(1), 4-10. https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.291903
Verma, N., Kanojia, N., Kalra, S., & Dua, K. (2023). Chemical speciation of chromium and arsenic and biogeochemical cycle in the aquatic system. In S. Madhav, V. B. Singh, M. Kumar & S. Singh (Eds.), Hydrogeochemistry of Aquatic Ecosystems (pp. 155-179). John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119870562.ch7
WHO. (2017). World Health Organization guidelines for drinking-water quality: First addendum to the fourth edition. World Health Organization.
Zhang, W., Miao, A. J., Wang, N. X., Li, C., Sha, J., Jia, J., & Ok, Y. S. (2022). Arsenic bioaccumulation and biotransformation in aquatic organisms. Environment International, 163, 107221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2022.107221
İndir
Yayınlanmış
Nasıl Atıf Yapılır
Sayı
Bölüm
Lisans
Telif Hakkı (c) 2025 Oluwadamilola Ruth Ajiboye, Aderonke Omolara Lawal-Are, Amii Isaac Obiakara-Amaechi, Rasheed Olatunji Moruf
Bu çalışma Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ile lisanslanmıştır.
